Locke And The Rights Of Children Essays - Rights, Empiricists

Locke and the Rights of Children Locke firmly denies Filmer's theory that it is morally permissible for parents to treat their children however they please: "They who allege the Practice of Mankind, for exposing or selling their Children, as a Proof of their Power over them, are with Sir Rob. happy Arguers, and cannot but recommend their Opinion by founding it on the most shameful Action, and most unnatural Murder, humane Nature is capable of." (First Treatise, sec.56) Rather, Locke argues that children have the same moral rights as any other person, though the child's inadequate mental faculties make it permissible for his parents to rule over him to a limited degree. "Thus we are born Free, as we are born Rational; not that we have actually the Exercise of either: Age that brings one, brings with it the other too." (Second Treatise, sec.61) On top of this, he affirms a postive, non-contractual duty of parents to provide for their offspring: "But to supply the Defects of this imperfect State, till the Improvement of Growth and Age hath removed them, Adam and Eve, and after them all Parents were, by the Law of Nature, under an obligation to preserve, nourish, and educate the Children, they had begotten." (Second Treatise, sec.56) Apparently, then, Locke believes that parents may overrule bad choices that their children might make, including self-regarding actions. Leaving aside Locke's duty of self- preservation, his theory permits adults to do as they wish with their own bodies. But this is not the case for children, because their lack of reason prevents them from making sensible choices. To permit a willful child from taking serious risks to his health or safety even if he wants to is permissible on this theory. Parents (and other adults as well) also seem to have a duty to refrain from taking advantage of the child's weak rational faculties to exploit or abuse him. On top of this, Locke affirms that parents have enforceable obligation to preserve, nourish, and educate their children; not because they consented to do so, but because they have a natural duty to do so. 2. The Problem of Positive Parental Duties The first difficulty with Locke's theory of childrens' rights is that the positive duty of parents to raise their children seems inconsistent with his overall approach. If, as Locke tells us, "Reason teaches all mankind, who will but consult it, that being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his Life, Health, Liberty, or Possessions." (Second Treatise, sec.6), it is difficult to see why it is permissible to coerce parents to provide for their offspring. In general, in Locke's scheme one acquires additional obligations only by consent. Even marriage he assimilates into a contract model: "Conjugal Society is made by a voluntary Compact between Man and Woman " (Second Treatise, sec.78) We should note that in section 42 of the First Treatise, Locke affirms that the radically destitute have a positive right to charity. "As Justice gives every Man a Title to the product of his honest industry so Charity gives every Man a Title to so much out of another's Plenty, as will keep him from extream want, where he has no means to subsist otherwise." But this hardly rules out relying on voluntary charity if it is sufficient to care for all those in "extream want." Quite possibly, this right would never have a chance to be exercised in a reasonably prosperous society, since need would be minimal and voluntary help abundant. Moreover, it is hardly clear that the duty to provide for the extremely needy rests only on some sub- group of the population. This passage seems to make it a universal duty of all of society's better-off members. For these two reasons, then, it would seem hard to ground positive parental duties on the child's right to charity. For if the number of children with unwilling parents is sufficiently tiny, and the society in which they are born sufficiently rich, the preconditions for exercising the right do not exist. Moreover, there is no reason for parents, much less the parents of a particular child, to have a duty to that child; more plausibly, all

Green Card Immigration Term

Green Card Immigration Term A green card is a document showing evidence of your lawful permanent resident status in the United States. When you become a permanent resident, you receive a green card. The green card is similar in size and shape to a credit card. Newer green cards are machine-readable. The face of a green card shows information such as name, alien registration number, country of birth, birth date, resident date, fingerprint, and photo. Lawful permanent residents or green card holders must carry their green card with them at all times. From USCIS: Every alien, eighteen years of age and over, shall at all times carry with him and have in his personal possession any certificate of alien registration or alien registration receipt card issued to him. Any alien who fails to comply with [these] provisions shall be guilty of a misdemeanor. In years past, the green card was green in color, but in more recent years, the green card has been issued in a variety of colors, including pink and pink-and-blue. Regardless of its color, it is still referred to as a green card. Rights of a Green Card Holder Live the rest of your life in the country, provided you do not commit any offenses that would make you removable under U.S. immigration law. In short, as long as you follow the law, your residency is guaranteed.Work in the United States in any legal pursuit that you choose. However, some jobs (generally, government positions in defense and homeland security) are restricted to U.S. citizens only for security reasons. Also, you cannot run for elected office, so you won’t be able to earn a living in public service.Travel freely around the United States. You can leave and then reenter the country as you please. However, there are some restrictions on prolonged stays outside the country.Claim protection under all laws of the United States, your state of residence and your local jurisdictions. In general, all the safeguards and legal avenues available to U.S. citizens are also available to permanent residents, and this is true anywhere in the country.Request visas for your husband o r wife and unmarried children to live in the United States. Own property or buy firearms, as long as there are no state or a local ordinance prohibiting it.Attend public school and college, or join branches of the U.S. Armed Forces.Apply for a driver’s license. Even the most restrictive states for immigrants allow green-card holders to drive cars.Get Social Security, Supplemental Security Income and Medicare benefits if you are able. Also Known As: The green card is known as Form I-551. Green cards are also referred to as a certificate of alien registration or alien registration card. Common Misspellings: The green card is sometimes misspelled as greencard. Examples: I passed my adjustment of status interview and was told that I would receive my green card in the mail. Note: The term green card can also refer to a persons immigration status and not just the document. For example, the question Did you get your green card? could be a question about a persons immigration status or the physical document.

Real estate industry Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Real estate industry - Research Paper Example On the other hand, civil law jurisdiction uses the term immovable property. The term real, in law, is defined as relating to a thing as distinguished from a human being. The law therefore gives a broad distinction between personal property and real property (Singh & Komal, 243). People use real estate for different purposes such as recreation, offices, manufacturing, retailing, housing, farming, ranching, entertainment and worship. The failure or success of these uses depends on many interconnected factors such as: government regulations demographics, economic conditions, transportation, tax policy, and management expertise, , topography and climate. Real estate industry proprietors’ goal is value creation through developing land to either lease or sell or by marketing interests and parcels of real estate. The industry employs such professionals as surveyors, architects, financial analysts, managers, designers, developers, landscapers, abstractors, engineers, appraisers, attor neys, market researchers, leasing and sale workforce, construction workers, grounds and building maintenance workers, office support workers, among others (Dictionary of American History, 1). With the advancement of possession of private property, real estate has become a key business area. ... Others include business or people relocation services; brokerage; and real estate marketing, which entail the management of the sale facet of the property business (Singh & Komal, 243). In any economy, real estate industry is watched closely because it embodies a considerable amount of capital investment form (Gurjar, 1). Fundamental issues of real estate industry Currently, the industry is developing by means of smaller players’ organic growth in addition to big conglomerates’ entry. Traditionally, the management of real estate developed from the â€Å"service provider† and the â€Å"developer† to a more inclusive sector that has four major operation areas. The first area is planning consisting of such services as selection of the site, viability studies, concept design, and architectural services among others. Next, there is construction, which consists of activities that entail construction and the management of the construction; followed by services an d maintenance, which mainly entail property and facilities’ maintenance and renovation activities and offering such services as issue management, air-conditioning, canteens, security, among others to them. The fourth operation area of real estate is disposal, involving various measures of disposal such as sale, quarantine, among others for the real estate property and sometimes, it could be very complex (Gurjar, 1). Generally, these four operation areas spread over three basic business segments namely industrial, commercial and residential businesses. One can invest into all these areas and make profit by commercial and lease use, rental income, capital appreciation and agricultural produce (Singh & Komal, 244). Gurjar